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Rhus toxicodendron, or Poison oak is more distinctive than some other types of ivy. Some people call it oakleaf ivy while others call it oakleaf poison ivy. Poison oak usually does not climb as a vine, but occurs as a low growing shrub. Stems generally grow upright. Leaflets occur in threes, as in other ivy, but are lobed, somewhat as the leaves of some kinds of oak. The middle leaflet usually is lobed alike on both margins and resembles a small oak leaf, while the two lateral leaflets are often irregularly lobed. The range in size of leaves varies considerably, even on the same plant.

Atlantic Poison-oak (Toxicodendron pubescens or formerly Rhus pubescens) is an erect shrub that can grow to 1 m (3 ft) tall. The leaves are alternate, with three leaflets on each. The leaflets are usually hairy, and are variable in size and shape, but most often resembling white oak leaves. The leaves are usually 15 cm (6 in) long, turning yellow or orange in autumn. The fruits are small, round, and yellowish or greenish. This species is native to the Southeastern United States westward to Texas and Oklahoma. Approximately half the state of Virginia is infested.